Hisaab Doहिसाब दो

How we verify

A number appears on Hisaab Do only after every step below has passed.

  1. Official source first. Numbers come from Government of India publications, mainly the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) report Crime in India and answers given in Parliament. Independent datasets can confirm a number, but a number never rests on them alone.
  2. The original file is kept. We store a copy of every source file with its digital fingerprint (SHA-256), and record the exact table, page, row and column for every number.
  3. Totals must add up. For every table, the State and UT figures must add up to the table's All-India total. If they don't, the whole table is rejected.
  4. Sources are compared. When two official sources report the same figure, they must agree (counts exactly, rates within 0.2). Each number shows how many official sources back it.
  5. A person checks it. A reviewer opens the original page and checks the number by eye before approving it.
  6. The site re-checks itself. When the site is rebuilt, any approved number that no longer matches its evidence stops the build.

Read the numbers with care

  • Registered is not the same as happened. These are cases reported to the police. A higher number can mean more crime, or that more victims felt able to report.
  • Compare states by rate. The rate per lakh women uses NCRB's own estimate of each state's female population. Raw counts mostly reflect population size.
  • Principal offence rule. NCRB counts each case once, under its most serious offence. A rape that ended in murder is counted as murder.
  • Children. Since 2017, sexual assault of children filed under the POCSO Act is counted under POCSO, not here. These rape figures still include girls under 18 whose cases were filed under IPC 376 alone. NCRB's 2016 table says its rape figures include POCSO cases read with IPC 376, and the 2015 table gives no rule either way, so treat 2015 and 2016 (marked †) as a different series. Part of the fall from 2016 to 2017 is this change in counting.
  • 2024 is a break in the series. From 1 July 2024 new cases were registered under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) instead of the Indian Penal Code (IPC), and NCRB moved to new software. 2024 combines both laws.
  • Girls' cases moved to POCSO. Since 2017 more and more states file rape of girls under 18 under the POCSO Act rather than IPC 376, so those cases leave this table. Several states record none here from a certain year; their pages say so. Cases of women aged 18 and above are the steadier series.
  • Boundaries changed. Until 2019, Jammu & Kashmir included Ladakh, and Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Daman & Diu were two separate UTs. From 2020 these figures are reported for the new UTs, so these state series have a break.
  • Women and girls. NCRB has split rape cases into women (18 and over) and girls (under 18) only since 2017. 2015 and 2016 show the total only.
  • Revisions. NCRB sometimes revises past figures in later editions. Every number shows the edition it came from.

After registration: police and courts

These figures come from NCRB Crime in India Tables 3A.5 to 3A.8 (2017 to 2024). We use NCRB's own definitions:

  • Chargesheeting rate = cases chargesheeted ÷ cases disposed of by police × 100. A case is disposed of by police when they close the investigation, with or without a chargesheet.
  • Conviction rate = cases convicted ÷ trials completed × 100. It is a share of trials that courts finished in the year, not of all cases registered. When no trial was completed, there is no rate; we leave the year out rather than show zero.
  • Pendency = cases pending at year end ÷ total cases for trial (or for investigation) × 100. The total counts cases pending from earlier years plus those added in the year.
  • States: all crimes against women. NCRB publishes rape-only police and court figures for All-India only. State figures on this site are for all crimes against women combined, and say so.
  • 2020 (marked ‡). Courts completed far fewer trials in the COVID year, so conviction rates jumped (rape: 39.3%). Do not read it as an improvement.
  • Our checks. Every count (cases chargesheeted, trials completed, convictions and so on) must add up across States and UTs to the All-India total, and every rate NCRB prints is re-computed from its own counts and must agree within 0.1.

Privacy

We publish only totals for a State or UT for a year. We never publish names, FIR details or anything that could identify a survivor. The law forbids it (Section 72 of the BNS, and the Supreme Court in Nipun Saxena v Union of India, 2018), and so do our own rules.

Who we are

Hisaab Do is an independent non-profit. It is not part of, or endorsed by, any government or political party.

Found a mistake? Write to support@devpilot.co.in. Every correction is listed on the corrections page.